The reversible thickness change of a large-format lithium-ion automotive pouch cell was investigated under precisely monitored cell pressure and temperature using an in-house built actively controlled pneumatic cell press. The quantitative and qualitative contribution of the state-of-the-art NMC811 cathode and the SiOx-graphite composite anode to the total pouch cell expansion

Lithium-ion batteries are used in complex fields of application, such as electromobility, more often. With the increasing usage of lithium-ion batteries, the demand for battery models is growing as well. However, the parameterization of the models is often time-demanding and requires expert knowledge. Grey-box modelling can simplify the modelling approach.

Battery degradation leads to the fade of capacity and power, which are key battery performance parameters. Capacity fade and power fade are highly dependent on the operating strategy since the underlying degradation mechanism are triggered in dependence of e.g. temperature, mechanical stress, charge and discharge currents and state of charge.

Even though lithium metal has long been regarded as a promising active material for future lithium metal batteries (LMB), the native passivation layers covering pristine lithium metal (pLi) and its possible influence on the evaluation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) has largely been disregarded by the battery research community.

The demand for Li-ion batteries with ever increasing energy and power density applies not only for automotive applications. Inter alia, high energy density and mechanical stability together with small electrode and cell dimensions are required for medical technology systems and wearable devices. Thus, increasing the areal loading of electrodes is

Lithium ion batteries are unrivaled in terms of specific energy or energy density. However, the fulfillment of other properties like enhanced sustainability, safety, abundancy of the used materials and lower costs have to be brought into focus nowadays due to crucial importance of environmental and climate issues. A promising approach

With lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) being one of the most important energy storage technologies today, there is also an increasing need for LIB production to become more sustainable.1 For the anode, aqueous processing has already been realised, eliminating the use of harmful N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) during electrode fabrication.2 Unfortunately, the main obstacle

In this work, different commercial available cylindrical cells in the format 18650 with each NCA cathode and anodes containing different silicon materials were electrochemically long-term cycled. Multiple Computed Tomography (CT) images were carried out after a settled number of completed cycles. Two voltage windows and their influence on the aging

In this work, different commercial available cylindrical cells in the format 18650 with each NCA cathode and anodes containing different silicon materials were electrochemically long-term cycled. Multiple Computed Tomography (CT) images were carried out after a settled number of completed cycles. Two voltage windows and their influence on the aging

Silicon (Si) has been considered the most promising next-generation anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity (3579 mAh/g) and safe potential (0.45 V vs Li/Li+). However, it suffers from a quick capacity fading caused by the large volume changes (300%) during the lithiation/delithiation process. Silicon

Thermal monitoring of a lithium-ion pouch cell is essential for safe use. [1] Until now, the temperature has only been monitored at a few preselected points in a battery module and passed on to the battery management system (BMS). The BMS controls the operation of all the cells in a

The Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) is of utmost importance to not only the performance but also to the safety and lifetime of the lithium ion battery (LIB). Electrolyte components react at the negative electrode surface during the first charge/discharge cycles and form a thin (3 10 nm) layer of decomposition

With the rapid development of electric vehicles worldwide, high energy density, fast charging and high safety have become the core requirements of current power battery technology. Under this demand, the existing technology is gradually relying on large-volume batteries in order to increase the energy density and to shorten the charging

With the rapid development of electric vehicles worldwide, high energy density, fast charging and high safety have become the core requirements of current power battery technology. Under this demand, the existing technology is gradually relying on large-volume batteries in order to increase the energy density and to shorten the charging

Temperature is a dominant parameter in lithium-ion batteries’ aging behavior. Aging mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries correspond to unwanted side reactions, often associated with film formation on the electrodes. This work shows measurement results illustrating the effect of thermal gradients on the aging behavior of a commercial nickel-rich pouch lithium-ion battery.

TEESMAT is a platform to characterize electrochemical energy storage material and devices: Li-ion, Na-ion and all-solid-state batteries, printed Zn/Li batteries, lead-acid, metal-air, redox flow batteries and super-capacitors or any other kind of electrochemical device. TEESMAT is a unique pool of characterization techniques, brought by 8+ service providers, to probe the

Access to up-to-date information on lithium-ion cells is crucial for a wide range of academic research areas. However, researchers generally do not have access to the latest cells from large manufacturers and therefore have to rely cells available on online marketplaces. To quantify the state of these cells, we collected

Access to up-to-date information on lithium-ion cells is crucial for a wide range of academic research areas. However, researchers generally do not have access to the latest cells from large manufacturers and therefore have to rely cells available on online marketplaces. To quantify the state of these cells, we collected

Lithium-ion battery cells with high specific capacity and energy density are one of the current research priorities in industry and science. The challenges of these so-called „thick“ electrodes are transport limitations within the electrode: lithium ions cannot reach the deeper layers of the electrode coating, which leads to a drop

With the Flightpath 2050 initiative the European union set the goal to drastically reduce the environmental impact of the air transport sector. Amongst others the CO2 and NOX emissions shall be reduced by 65% respectively 90% until 2050 [1]. A goal that can only be achieved by the development of

INTRODUCTION Ball milling is an effective and low-cost production technique to obtain composite materials. However, adjusting the various milling parameters is quite important to prevent contamination formation due to jar-balls reactions and agglomeration of particles. Design of experiment (DOE) technique is the best way to find the effect of inputs

INTRODUCTION Ball milling is an effective and low-cost production technique to obtain composite materials. However, adjusting the various milling parameters is quite important to prevent contamination formation due to jar-balls reactions and agglomeration of particles. Design of experiment (DOE) technique is the best way to find the effect of inputs

Li-ion cells are the main technology for powering electric vehicles and power electronics nowadays. The number of produced cells is steadily increasing, and optimisation of current cell production is necessary to make the processes more effective. To fulfil this task, a detailed understanding of these production processes is vital. Digital

In the present study the influence of various compositional parameters for a core-shell structured nano-silicon graphite composite (Si@Gr/C) was studied. At first, the stability of the composite particles was evaluated at different silicon contents. It could be observed that an increase in a higher amount of silicon led to reduced

Silicon-carbon composites (Si/C) are considered as one of the most promising candidates for anode active materials in high energy lithium-ion batteries. This research activity aims to develop scalable manufacturing processes of novel Si/C-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. To achieve anodic active material with high cycling stability, silicon nanoparticles are

Pre-lithiation, a method of doping an active material with lithium prior to being assembled into a battery cell, has been regarded as one of the most prominent ways to compensate for the amount of active lithium loss during the initial few cycles. The precedent researches have successfully verified the effectiveness

As lithium-ion batteries have become more reliable, smaller, lighter, and cheaper, they have been incorporated in many contemporary technologies and products. As a result, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of batteries manufactured today, creating seemingly endless choices when original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) select a battery for

Up to now there have been many studies on the morphology and the components of the SEI, always trying to add the next piece in solving the puzzle of this interphase. But the main issues with the analysis of this interphase remain. The fact that the SEI changes over the

Up to now there have been many studies on the morphology and the components of the SEI, always trying to add the next piece in solving the puzzle of this interphase. But the main issues with the analysis of this interphase remain. The fact that the SEI changes over the

In order to meet consumer demands for lithium-ion battery (LIB) performance, innovative materials are being studied to increase the energy density of the cell. One material in particular is silicon, which exhibits a roughly five times larger theoretical energy density than the state-of-the-art graphite currently used as anode active material.

The aim of this work is to use the empirical findings and parameters obtained from the experimental procedures to model these processes on a physical-electrochemical basis. A prerequisite for the development of the mathematical model of the new energy storage devices with lithium metal electrodes is the experimental analysis characterizing

Through literature research and expert interviews, the current tactical standard of the fire brigades in dealing with crashed electric vehicles was determined. In addition, a survey of firefighters on existing skills and experience in this field was conducted. The identification of the drive system of an accident vehicle can be

The work in this poster described here, combines two methods for improving the performance characteristics of lithium-ion batteries. On the one side, the development and application of silicon-containing active material mixtures is a promising prospect for the use in high-energy anodes. While the use of Silicon increases the energy density

Lithium-Sulfur battery cells already achieve high specific energies up to 470 Wh/kg, but still suffer from a low cycle life. Several components need further development in order to tackle the obstacles still limiting volumetric and gravimetric energy as well as power density: With the state of the art electrolyte (SOTA)

Lithium-Sulfur battery cells already achieve high specific energies up to 470 Wh/kg, but still suffer from a low cycle life. Several components need further development in order to tackle the obstacles still limiting volumetric and gravimetric energy as well as power density: With the state of the art electrolyte (SOTA)

All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries are promising candidates to overcome safety and energy limitations of common lithium-ion batteries. Although excellent results have been reported for sulfide based electrolytes on a small scale, classical slurry-based lithium-ion processing fails to reproduce the same performance in a larger cell. In this lecture, scalable concepts for

All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries are promising candidates to overcome safety and energy limitations of common lithium-ion batteries. Although excellent results have been reported for sulfide based electrolytes on a small scale, classical slurry-based lithium-ion processing fails to reproduce the same performance in a larger cell. In this lecture, scalable concepts for

All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries are promising candidates to overcome safety and energy limitations of common lithium-ion batteries. Although excellent results have been reported for sulfide based electrolytes on a small scale, classical slurry-based lithium-ion processing fails to reproduce the same performance in a larger cell. In this lecture, scalable concepts for

In this study a neural network for state of charge (SoC) estimation of a lead acid battery was developed. The network structure is based on a nonlinear autoregressive neural network (NARX). This network structure assures consistent SoC behaviour over time without oscillations. The network has three hidden layers and a

Science and industry worldwide are conducting intensive research into various ways to improve existing battery concepts or transferring novel concepts to application. The development of materials and electrodes is an essential step in this process. However, the evaluation of the achievolumetric energy density performance parameters and the comparison of the

A typical method for measuring the radial thermal conductivity of cylindrical objects is the pipe method. This method introduces a heating wire in combination with standard thermocouples and optical Fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors into the core of a cell. This experimental method can lead to high uncertainties due to

Obtaining a detailed understanding of cyclic and calendaric aging is essential for confronting the challenges of silicon anodes. Recent developments in in situ and in operando scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques showed insights into the volume expansion and associated crack formation during de-/lithiation of silicon.

In lithium batteries, the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at the negative electrode | electrolyte interface must passivate the electrode surface from ongoing electrolyte decomposition. It must not, however, decelerate interface kinetics to a major extent. In that regard, an effective SEI governs cell performance if it possesses the optimal set

Recycling is highly dependent on the material stream to be treated. If the waste stream contains valuable materials, recycling is rewarding, this can change if the amount of valuable materials is reduced. Lithium-ion battery technology is subject to a constant optimization process in which no cell chemistry has yet finally

The life-cycle assessment (LCA) of various stationary energy storage systems (SESS) is not yet well studied. There is an overall lack of coherency as different LCA studies show different system scopes, data, model structures and assumptions that are used. This can lead to discrepancies in the interpretation of the results

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently the dominating energy storage solution for most consumer electronics and electromobility applications. For an increased market penetration, further enhancements of the cell performance of LIBs are needed. Microscopic diffusion channels in the coatings of battery electrodes are a promising approach to improve the (dis)charge performance

The need for sustainable mobility leads to a growth of the market of electric cars. In all roadmaps for battery development, solid-state batteries are the next step after advanced lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). They offer the potential to significantly increase the energy density, combined with a higher safety due to the

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Despite its fully commercial development status, lithium-ion battery (LIB) degradation understanding and diagnostics is still not fully consolidated, involving a number of interconnected mechanisms whose effect combines into a complexly mixed performance fade. State-of-health (SoH), while lacking a harmonized definition, is usually referred as a mere fade of capacity, lacking

Despite its fully commercial development status, lithium-ion battery (LIB) degradation understanding and diagnostics is still not fully consolidated, involving a number of interconnected mechanisms whose effect combines into a complexly mixed performance fade. State-of-health (SoH), while lacking a harmonized definition, is usually referred as a mere fade of capacity, lacking

Despite its fully commercial development status, lithium-ion battery (LIB) degradation understanding and diagnostics is still not fully consolidated, involving a number of interconnected mechanisms whose effect combines into a complexly mixed performance fade. State-of-health (SoH), while lacking a harmonized definition, is usually referred as a mere fade of capacity, lacking

Currently, significant worldwide research activities are carried out to accomplish more efficient energy storage methods and to overcome challenges in using regenerative energy continuously. For Li-ion batteries, the volumetric energy density may be increased considerably by substituting conventional graphite anodes with materials based on Si and also in prospective by

Currently, significant worldwide research activities are carried out to accomplish more efficient energy storage methods and to overcome challenges in using regenerative energy continuously. For Li-ion batteries, the volumetric energy density may be increased considerably by substituting conventional graphite anodes with materials based on Si and also in prospective by

The aqueous processing of LTO into electrodes suffers of lithium leaching upon contact with water, leading to a rapid rise in slurry pH and the final corrosion of the aluminum current collector. The addition of acids can suppress the corrosion issue. Herein, we demonstrate that the amount of phosphoric acid

This poster deals with the activities ongoing at Politecnico di Milano in the framework of the European Project DigiPrime, on lithium-ion batteries diagnostics and estimation of residual capabilities at end-of-life. It presents the development of a fast multi-measurement protocol that can ease the calibration of the pseudo-two-dimensional model (P2D) with

In the context of the energy transition and the resulting expansion of renewable energies, the electrical grid is changing. As generator-based nuclear and coal-fired power plants will be switched off, inverter-based feed-in battery plants have to provide the ancillary services to stabilize the electrical grid in the future. Grid services

In the context of the energy transition and the resulting expansion of renewable energies, the electrical grid is changing. As generator-based nuclear and coal-fired power plants will be switched off, inverter-based feed-in battery plants have to provide the ancillary services to stabilize the electrical grid in the future. Grid services

The knowledge of the dynamic available charging and discharging power of the battery is a piece of essential information for the safety and longevity of the battery energy storage systems. An accurate real-time prediction of these quantities is very challenging due to the high nonlinearities of battery dynamics. In this

The ongoing transformation of the mobility sector to- wards more environmentally friendly transport systems is leading to increasing market penetration of electrified mobility solutions. As part of these solutions, personal micromobility represents a steadily growing market. The need for fast charging options results in increased requirements for thermal management and

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) currently represent the dominant technology in the field of rechargeable mobile and stationary energy systems. In order to ensure the longest possible life time, critical ageing mechanisms must be prevented. This includes, in particular, anode-side Li deposition (“Li plating”), which can lead to a rapid shortening of

Lithium-ion cells gain increasingly interest in e-mobility applications. During charging and discharging, these batteries experience reversible thickness changes and inhomogeneous temperature distribution causing a space-dependent aging. Additionally, irreversible expansion and temperature driven defects occur during operation, such as gassing, particle cracking and SEI growth. These aging effects occur inhomogeneously. As

In-operando isothermal calorimetry is a powerful tool for the study of active materials for energy storage. It has been used to study positive [1–3] and negative [4–7] electrode materials in half cells, as well as in symmetrical [4,5] and full cells.[8–15] Calorimetry can be used to quantify parasitic reactions enabling

Lithium-ion batteries have become a key element for the decarbonization of the energy and transportation sectors due to their continuously increasing energy and power density as well as decreasing manufacturing and operating costs. Battery models that precisely represent the cell internal states provide the foundation for intelligent control algorithms that

Nickel-rich positive electrodes (e.g., NMC811) are becoming popular thanks to their high energy density and good rate capability. However, their layered structures are prone to phase transitions to disordered spinel and rock-salt structures when a large fraction of lithium diffuses out, leading to capacity fade and electrode degradation. To model

Solid electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries are promising regarding increased energy densities, fast charging properties and offer advantages in terms of safety due to the lower fire risk. However, besides the electrochemical properties of the materials used, the chemical processes are limited by the transport mechanism and transportation routes of charged

Silicon is one of the most promising anode materials to be used in the next generation high energy density lithium-ion batteries due to its large storage capacity, abundant material content and environmental benignity. Although theoretical capacity of pure silicon can be over 10 times as high as that of graphite,

A medium-temperature sodium-iodine battery system is presented. The rechargeable molten-sodium system works at approx. 100 °C with high efficiency, and potentially lower cost than existing high-temperature sodium-batteries (which are usually operating at a temperature of around 300 °C). Our battery system uses an aqueous iodine/iodide solution as catholyte and sodium-ion

Economic and sustainable battery cell production is an indispensable requirement for electric vehicles to become an important part of the energy revolution. That is why the development of efficient recycling processes and novel recycling strategies is part of numerous research projects. The aim is to close the material cycle in

The increasing use of Lithium-ion batteries in many aspects of human life is accompanied by a growing need for continuous battery supervision and recognition of safety-critical states of operation. Mechanical alterations inside the cell, e.g., caused by lithium plating, are possibly indicative of such states and are thus desirable to

Lithium plating as a more and more important ageing mechanism in modern lithium-ion batteries in the prospect of the growing fast charging demand in electric vehicles is still not fully understood. Especially the impact of the surface electrode interphase (SEI) layer on plating and vice versa is still subject of

Currently most so called high end suppliers for round cells LiIon are not able to supply to the general market as they are focusing on the automotive market. When talking about the automotive market we are not only talking about demand for traction batteries, but also batteries for other functions

The analysis of battery-powered products from different industries shows how sustainable they are. The focus is not only on the batteries, but also on the charging infrastructure and the devices themselves. In addition to the customer’s point of view, in particular user behavior, the problem of manufacturers and government intervention

The analysis of battery-powered products from different industries shows how sustainable they are. The focus is not only on the batteries, but also on the charging infrastructure and the devices themselves. In addition to the customer’s point of view, in particular user behavior, the problem of manufacturers and government intervention

Solid-state batteries are a promising technology for high travelling ranges and safety in future electromobility. In a solid-state battery, separator and liquid electrolyte materials are combined to one solid-state electrolyte layer. Suitable ceramic materials are lithium lanthanum zirconate (LLZ) as electrolyte and lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) as cathode active material.

Prelithiation of electrodes is a new process step to avoid the nearly 20% lithium loss during the SEI formation. A thin lithium layer is applied to the electrode surface as a top coating via a physical vapor deposition process. This sacrificial lithium layer is designed to reduce the lithium loss

A market-ready rechargeable high-energy lithium metal battery (LMB) would be a revolution in the development of energy storage systems. The outstanding properties, such as a theoretical achievable capacity 10-times higher than graphite, a very low negative redox potential, and a low atomic weight, make lithium metal an attractive anode material.[1,2]

Ni-rich Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O₂ (NCM)-type layered oxide cathode materials are promising candidates to satisfy the increasing energy demand for lithium ion batteries for automotive applications. The main advantages of increasing the nickel content lies on an increased energy density on the material level and the reduction of cobalt as critical raw material.¹

Ni-rich Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O₂ (NCM)-type layered oxide cathode materials are promising candidates to satisfy the increasing energy demand for lithium ion batteries for automotive applications. The main advantages of increasing the nickel content lies on an increased energy density on the material level and the reduction of cobalt as critical raw material.¹

Previous to the integration of li-ion batteries in different applications, the battery cells have to be fully characterized to assess their ability to deliver the desired power and energy over the cell’s lifetime. On this account, accelerated aging tests are conducted, which use, among oth-ers, high charge and discharge currents.

One of the challenges in the automotive industry is to provide fast charging of batteries. On the other hand, the safe operation of including low temperatures is indisputable. During cycling in such conditions, many undesirable phenomena may occur in the lithium-ion cell, such as low electrochemical performance of the system,

Graphite is the state-of-the-art negative electrode material (anode) for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and will likely dominate the anode market in the form of either natural graphite (NG) or synthetic graphite (SG) for at least the next decade. However, while NG is a limited source and is declared as “critical” raw

Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are considered to be one of the most important storage devices for electric energy, especially with regard to automotive applications. To ensure safety, investigations on aging processes, especially lithium plating, are of great interest. A process accelerating cell aging that occurs especially during charging at low temperatures,

There is a great need for non-invasive methods to unravel the underlying causes of battery ageing. From the perspective of electrochemical models, battery ageing affects a number of parameters, but conventional parametrization of electrodes is no longer possible. This is because the re-parametrisation would require the fabrication of an aged

The pressure acting on a lithium-ion battery cell is an important parameter in battery design. Analyzing the local pressure distributions support the understanding of spatially resolved increases in pressure due to an inhomogenous cell degradation. These investigations aim to homogenize the cell degradation by developing pressure patterns which lead towards

The pressure acting on a lithium-ion battery cell is an important parameter in battery design. Analyzing the local pressure distributions support the understanding of spatially resolved increases in pressure due to an inhomogenous cell degradation. These investigations aim to homogenize the cell degradation by developing pressure patterns which lead towards

Future materials are frequently published in the scientific literature to be used as cathode or anode active materials, separators or electrolytes. The influence of these future materials on the actual cell performance can not be easily estimated from the material properties. However, since constructing a prototype is time- and money-intensive,

Despite them missing a layered structure, cation disordered rocksalt (DRX) cathode materials have risen in research interest in the last couple of years, not only because of their high specific capacity but also for the possibility to lift the limitation on specific transition metals like Ni, Co and Mn.(1-3) Many

Recuperation is an important measure for extending the daily range of electric vehicles. It plays a major role in the transportation sector to return non-needed kinetic energy of the large moving masses back into the electrical systems during breaking. For customers are reliable lifetime estimations very important. Their usage profiles

One of the challenges in the future of lithium battery recycling technology is to obtain a stable resynthesis process of recycled materials which leads to new usable active materials (e.g., NCM). Besides that, this process should be robust to contaminations such as iron, aluminum, copper, and other ions, coming from

This conference paper shows the influence of electrolyte additives on the gassing behaviour in silicon-based lithium-ion batteries. The stability of the electrolyte in a lithium-ion battery is an important issue when it comes to the lifetime of a battery. The decomposition of the electrolyte is noticeable through the formation of

This conference paper shows the influence of electrolyte additives on the gassing behaviour in silicon-based lithium-ion batteries. The stability of the electrolyte in a lithium-ion battery is an important issue when it comes to the lifetime of a battery. The decomposition of the electrolyte is noticeable through the formation of

This conference paper shows the influence of electrolyte additives on the gassing behaviour in silicon-based lithium-ion batteries. The stability of the electrolyte in a lithium-ion battery is an important issue when it comes to the lifetime of a battery. The decomposition of the electrolyte is noticeable through the formation of

Silicon is a promising candidate as a high capacity anode active material and is already used in small quantities in state of the art products. One of the main hindrances for increasing the share of silicon within the anode is the high irreversible lithium loss that is characteristic for most

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are a dominant state-of-the-art energy storage system and have importance in the automotive sector. Still, LIBs suffer from aging effects and serious hazards from failing batteries are possible. These failures can lead to exothermic chemical reactions inside the cell, ending up in thermal runaway (TR). TR has

Aiming an efficient lithium-ion battery production all process steps have to be enhanced in terms of quality and performance. In this regard, the drying process of electrodes holds great potential for improvement. The main disadvantage of state-of-the-art convective drying methods is their negative impact electrode properties on the cyclic stability

The increasing demand for high-energy battery systems has led to investigations for replacing the graphite anode of Li-ion batteries with Li metal due to its high theoretical capacity and high negative potential. The combination of a Li metal anode and a Li-ion cathode can enable high energy density batteries due

Lithium-ion batteries are well established as energy storage devices for a wide range of mobile applications from cell phones through power tools to electric vehicles. The different types of usage lead to distinct requirements concerning the battery system, resulting in customized dimensioning of the single components. For the sustainable, technically